Tap Dancing

Tap or Tap dance is one of the most popular dance routines today. This type of dancing is defined by the percussive sound made by the metal plates -- called taps -- on the shoes; thus called tap dancing. Due to the musical quality of the sound made by the shoes, performers are described as both musicians and dancers that keep their audience glued to their performance.

Types Of Tap Dancers

There are two types of tap dancers -- the tappers and hoofers. Tappers are made distinct with their upper body and footwork. Dancers of this classical tap dance are often seen blending their footwork with upper body movements similar to that of jazz and ballet. Tappers are more popular in live performance and shows.

Hoofers, on the other hand, are more focused on their footwork than upper body movements. They use very little arm and body movements during performance. Also, the hoofer's footwork is said to create more accented tapping sounds than tappers. This type of tap requires complete control over your footwork.

History Of Tap

Tap dancing has a very involved history. According to historians, the origin of tap dancing is influenced by dancers from England, Ireland, Africa, and Spain.

England's version of the tap is called the Lancashire Clogging. Modern-day tap is also quite similar to Irish performance and social dances, like the Sean-nos and "stepdancing" -- as seen in the performance of "Riverdance" in 1994. The intricate footwork of the Juba dance of Africa also influenced modern-day tap dancing; as well as the Spanish Flamenco.

Despite its lack of accurate historical background, tap dancing has been in the limelight of many performance and events in the early 1900's. From 1930 to 1950, tap has made it into broadway shows, movie flicks, and even television series that is quite popular even today. In most cases, experts agree that tap is a blend of cultures as dancers spread the art to different countries around the globe.

Tap Shoes

The shoes for tap dancing are simple footwear commonly in colors black or brown with metal taps on both heels and front. White is also a favorite color for stage performances. Though shoes with heels are preferred due to the sounds they make that goes well with intricate footwork, many have found flat shoes to be comfortable as well and is a common choice for simpler tap routines. Also, tap shoes should have a snug or tight fit on the dancer's feet for better control over their footwork.

Taking Classes

If you want to learn tap dancing then it is best if you take classes where instructors can fully supervise your movements. This dance routine might look simple at first, but the intricate footwork takes a lot of practice to master. In most cases, instructors would often start with warm-up exercises and stretching before moving on to basic tap movements for dancers to produce tapping sounds and avoid excess taps. Classes would normally take an hour and a majority of the time is spent producing quality tap sounds and mastering your footwork before moving on to more complicated dance routines.

Swing

For people who don't know, 'Swing dance' is actually a form of dance style that is directly associated with Jazz's swing music in the 1920's to 1940's. Swing Jazz actually refers to the type of music that uses a blend crotchets and quavers, mostly from West African and African American music and dance. These syncopated timing, which are generally quarter and eighth notes, are regarded by most dancers as 'steps' and 'triple steps'.

There are actually a lot of different swing dance styles that have developed from the original 'Swing' dance. Each locality actually has a different definition for their 'swing dance' and uses their own version of what 'appropriate' music they should use to accompany it.

History

The origin of swing dance actually dates back to the 1920's when the black community discovered Lindy Hop and Charleston as they were dancing to the smooth music of Jazz. Jazz clubs gave an opportunity for dancers to explore swing dance, and pretty soon, different styles of swing dance were created. One of the more popular dance styles is the Lindy Hop, which was one of the very first swing dance styles discovered. Now, you have a myriad of different swing dance styles.

Styles Of Swing

The evolution of swing dance and swing dance music has opened new doors for new dance style to be developed. One of the earlier dance styles of swing is the Savoy Swing, which is a casual-looking style of swing dance that employs a fast and jumpy action. The Lindy Hop, which is another, more popular form of swing dance style, is a much smoother dance style as compared to Savoy Swing.

East Coast Swing is a 6 count version of the Lindy Hop, and is popular among dance schools. Whip is a form of swing dance that involves the leader spinning the follower to move him or her to another dance position. A swing dance style that is used for competitions in the United States is referred to as the Jive. These are just some of the different styles of swing dance. There are actually a whole lot more.

Swing Music

Most of the development in different swing dance styles can be attributed to the different trends and influences in popular music. There are actually a lot of different music that influenced the different styles, such as traditional jazz music for Charleston, swing music for the Lindy Hop, and Pop, R&B, Funk or Blues are used for West Coast Swing.

Swing Competition

There are basically four formats for swing competitions. With the classic format of competition, a couple would dance for a previously choreographed song, but with restrictions and limitations to their drops, lifts and moves. A showcase is the same with the classical format, but they are not subject to much restriction. A strictly format employs a no pre-choreographed steps rule, wherein the competing couple dance to randomly selected music at various heats. Jack and jill is the last format, and it randomly matches partners with each other.

Criteria For Judging

There are basically three criteria for judging, and those are the timing of the dancers in terms of rhythm and tempo of the music, teamwork in terms of how the lead and the follower dance together, and technique in terms of the precision of the dance moves.

Salsa

There are actually a lot of different ballroom dance styles that are gaining more and more popularity in recent years, one of which is Salsa. Although this particular dance style is more popular in Latin America, it is also gaining more and more popularity here in the United States, especially with the ballroom dancing community. If you don't know much about this particular form or style of dance, then just continue on reading this article.

What Is Salsa?

For those people who are not aware of what Salsa is, it is actually a style of dance that originated from Cuba, and is well-associated with music that has a lot of Salsa flavor to it. Although normally, Salsa is performed with a partner, a person can actually dance Salsa as a solo. Others even perform line dancing to Salsa music and Salsa dance style, while others dance Rueda de Casino, wherein a big group of people would dance in a circle and exchange partners during the dance, so you don't necessarily keep a single or particular partner all throughout the dance. Sometimes, Salsa can even be performed with a set routine, all depending on how they use the music and the dance style.

History

Salsa actually originated from Cuba, but was introduced to New York by Johnny Pacheco during the 1970's. Johnny Pacheco was actually the Fania All-Stars creator, and they help bring Salsa to the United States. The music of Salsa can be dated way back in the 1950's, but was popularized in the United States in the 1970's.

Salsa Movements

Salsa dancing employs a left-right-left-pause and right-left-right-pause movement style, wherein the left-right-left and the right-left-right steps are done for three beats each, and the pauses are all done in one beat, totaling to eight beats. This is why Salsa is considered to be an eight-beat music dance style.

Sometimes, Salsa dancers employ certain forms of flourish during their pauses, whether it is a kick by the lower leg or a stomp. This is done to add more flavor and flare to the routine. Unknown to many, Salsa dancing is actually a stationary form of dancing, which means that there is very little movement being done by the dancers around the dance floor. The translation of movement in their dance is actually conveyed through their hands and subtle leg movements.

Salsa Music

In order for dancers to be able to dance Salsa, they need a certain type of music to go along their routine. Usually, Salsa dancing needs music that is within the range of 160 beats per minute to 220 beats per minute. Salsa music is actually based the Clave rhythm that is used by the African percussions that are used in most Salsa music. An example of African percussions is the conga drum, which is very common in most Salsa music.

Salsa Dance Styles

There are actually a lot of different Salsa dance styles, each one characterized by the locality where the dance style was developed. Since Salsa is a very fluid style of dancing, it is easy to see how these different Salsa dance styles would develop into what they are. Some of the different Salsa dance styles are New York style, Puerto Rico style, Panama style, Dominican Republic style, and Nicaragua style.

A Little History on Partner Dances

Dancing is an art form that has continually evolved over the years but it has been deeply attached with humans and society. Hence, partner dances have become an integral core of this art form and might even have deep spiritual, cultural, or social meaning, depending on which particular part of the world it originated.

In the case of partner dancing, two individuals perform coordinated dance choreography. However, there are some dance forms that require each partner to perform individually.

Concept of Leader and Follower

Just like in a social setting, partner dances also incorporate roles into each participant. The man is often assigned as the 'leader', while the woman is the 'follower'. These two individuals maintain a connection all throughout the dance, thus making it more of a social experience than just a simple act of dancing.

Types of Dance Partner Connections

There are different types of connection that is established between two dancing partners during a particular dance routine. Below are two of general forms of connection between two dancing partnerrs:

' Dance handhold. In this type of dance, the connection between both partners is rather loose.

' Dance frame. In other types of dance connection, there is body contact involving that connection. Hence, there are certain restrictions to your body position during dance sequence. A dance frame is relegated to each dancer, which makes it a crucial concept to each dancing partner.

Dances with Same Sex Partners

The typical idea with partner dances is that it often involves two individuals of the opposite sex, which is a type of dance involving man and woman. But there are various types of partner dancing that involve two individuals of the same sex, particularly in several western societies.

It is still treated unusual by outsiders though, while the idea of both women dancing together is more acceptable as compared to that of two men. But as more of these types of dancing are becoming more prevalent, this has been gradually accepted by the general society, especially in social situations wherein there are insufficient partners of the opposite sex. Such dances do not even take into account the sexual orientation of individuals involved during dance, while most have adapted a 'comedy value' to them.

Double Partner Dance

In this type of partner dances, there are three persons involved and dancing together. It could either be one man with two women, or one woman with two men. This type of partner dancing is only done for social dancing with significant demographic disproportion amongst the two sexes. Hence, this was quite common during the years of war wherein there is not enough women in the army, or the civilians only had women as dancers.

It was not until during the 1980s though that double partner dances was officially acknowledged as a type of partner dancing. It quickly became popular amongst Hustle, Swing, Ceroc, and Salsa dancing communities. In most cases, only one serves as a leader and the two other dancing partners are mere followers. Nowadays, you will also find several folk dances that are partnered after this setup, but it typically involves one man and two women.

Mambo

A lot of people, especially those that are very interested in taking up ballroom dance lessons, are always looking for places wherein they can learn how to dance mambo. Though most of these people know that mambo is a form of dance style, not all of them know anything else about the dance style.

If you ask them what else do they know about mambo, aside from the fact that it is a certain type of dance, they probably won't be able to tell you anything else, much less describe clearly how the mambo dance style is performed. Fortunately for you, this article will provide you with some information about this particular dance style. If you want to learn more about it, simply read this article.

Mambo Dance

For those of you who don't know, mambo dance is actually a popular style of dance that exudes sensuality. This might probably be one of the reasons why a lot of people want to learn how to dance this particular dance style. This particular dance style is actually rooted to Cuban and African rhythms. The name itself actually refers to a certain type of drum called the Bantu drum. These drums were normally used during sacred rituals, hence the name mambo, which literally means 'conversation with the Gods.'

History

The mambo dance style is a Cuban or Latin dance style that is directly associated with mambo music, which was created by Cachao and was popularized in the United States by the different Jazz musicians that were playing in different casinos back in the 1930's. This was the music that was used to entertain the customers that visited these casinos. Perez Prado then came up with the mambo dance style as he was figuring out what type of dance to use for mambo music. The mambo music and the dance appealed very well with the mainstream American crowd, hence, its popularity. The mambo dance and music was especially popular in New York city, as well as in Miami and San Francisco.

Mambo Style

The mambo style of dance is actually characterized by the dancer's different hip movements being done while he or she is moving back and forth along with the beat. This particular movement would create a smooth motion that follows the rhythmic pattern of the music. The basic mambo dance is translated in music using the time of 4/4. However, there are times that the dancer is required to pause or hold a position. The 4/4 beat is then followed by a quick-quick-slow movement, all in sync with the music.

Modern Mambo

The modern mambo is considered by some as the creation of the New York music and dance scene, especially since some New York dancers added their own flair to the clave of the mambo dance pattern by incorporating steps form jazz, swing and tap into the routine.

Essence Of Mambo

Since mambo is basically a sensual dance, a lot of modern mambo dancers try to incorporate slow but sensual moves instead of fast, dramatic and flowing dance patterns in their routines. In order to truly dance mambo the right way, a dancer must fully understand the sensuality of the dance, and he or she must be able to exhibit it even without the use of flashy moves, but more of graceful and slower dance moves.

Jig

When people hear the word 'jig', they don't necessarily associate it with dancing. For those people that don't know, a 'jig' is actually a form of folk dance that is lively in nature. The name itself, 'jig', is actually derived from 'giguer', which is a French term that means 'to jump', hence, the lively nature of the dance.

This form of dance is commonly associated with Scottish and Irish dance music, but it actually originated from England during the sixteenth century. The dance was actually performed in 2/4 times. Since then, it has taken different forms and adaptation in a variety of time signatures. The 'jig' is actually divided into different forms, all of which would be discussed in this article.

Light Jig

Among all the different types of jigs, the light jig is considered to be the fastest as it is performed in 6/8 times. In this particular form of jig, your feet are rarely off the ground for a long period of time. This is so because the steps in this dance are relatively fast, at over 116 speeds at feiseanna.

Each light jig step can actually vary with each dance school and with each teacher, but there are certain standard steps or movements that can be used in almost all forms of light jigs, and that step is referred to as the rise and grind, or rising step. What you do to perform this step is basically place your weight on your first foot, then raise your second foot off the floor, once you have done this, you simply perform two hops on your first foot, or on the foot that is still on the ground.

As soon as you take your second hop, you then drop your second foot and bring it at the back of your first foot, or the foot that did the two hops. Once you have done this, you simply need to shift your weight from your first foot to your second foot while letting your first foot remain in the air after the second hop. There is usually a small delay during the hop and the hop back.

Single Jigs

From the fastest form of jig, we now proceed to the least common one. The single jigs considered to be the least common among the jig dances because it uses a not so common time signature, which is 12/8 at times, while normally it uses 6/8. This is so because this type of jig follows a musical pattern of a eighth note following a quarter note.

Slip Jig

The slip jigs is considered to be a bit longer than the light jig because it uses a longer time signature than the light jig. The time signature that the slip jig uses is actually 9/8 time, although the dance is performed with a music that has basically similar number of bars to a light jig. This form of jig is considered by some as 'the ballet of jigs' as the dancers often perform this dance while they are high up on their toes.

Treble Jigs

Treble jigs are the only form of jigs that are performed wherein the performer is wearing hard shoes, allowing the performer to do certain moves and steps, such as clicks, stomps, and trebles. Beginners usually do this dance in a traditional speed, while more advanced performers perform the slow, non-traditional treble jig.

Hop Jigs

Hop jigs is probably one of the more problematic forms of jigs to describe, as a lot of people often confuse it with other forms of jigs, such as slip jig, or single jig. Some basically identify this form of jig through its time signature, which is 9/8 time.

A History of the Irish Dance

Ireland is aptly named as the land of dances. Irish dances have evolved throughout the century -- from ritual dances to modern steps that speak of complexity, finesse, and of course, custom of a nation rich in culture. Let's dive into history and find out how Ireland became a celebrated nation that popularized their unique contribution to the art of dancing -- the Irish Dance.

A History

Irish dance is part of the nation's culture even before the Celts stepped onto their shores. Native dancing was cultivated by the druids to celebrate the seasons and to worship deities and nature-god icons, like the oak tree. The Celts helped evolve the native Irish dance by introducing dancing styles from Europe. Similar contribution to the art was also made by the Normans in the 12th century.

Irish dance is classified into two categories with their own specific variations, namely the social dance and the performance dance. The Irish social dance is mostly performed during special occasions and holidays. This type of Irish dance is further broken down into 2 other categories -- the set dancing and "Ceili".

The more traditional solo social dance is called the Sean-nos Irish Dancing. This is well-known for its close-to-ground footwork following a slow tempo unlike stepdancing, as well as free arm movement and battering steps following accented music. The Sean-nos Irish Dance is mostly done solo, but can also be free-styled to include partners or small groups without any physical contact between dancers.

Irish performance dance can also be called as the "stepdance". If you were able to watch the "Riverdance" show in 1994 then you were lucky enough to witness the best Irish performance dance of the century. This type of dancing is well-known for its rapid movements -- mainly on the legs while the upper body is left almost stationary throughout the performance.

Stepdancing

Stepdancing is the modern form of Irish social dancing classified as a performance dance. The rapid leg movements and rigid upper body stance is made popular by the "Riverdance" performance back in 1994. Today, stepdancing is not only limited to performance and shows but is also popular in dance competitions composed for both small and large groups.

Also, stepdancing is further broken down into two types of steps -- the soft shoe and hard shoe. The soft shoe often follows the 4/4 tempo with movements including reel, light jig, slip jig, and single jig. Hard show follows the 2/4 hornpipe, hard or treble jig, treble reel, as well as the traditional steps. The name soft and hard shoe is also evident in the footwear used during their performance.

Old-Folk Irish Dance

The Irish social dance can be easily described as the Ireland's folk dance known as the "Ceili" -- a combination of Irish music and dancing during social gatherings. This can be performed solo or in combinations. In social events, the "Ceili" is often performed in 2 lines where dancers face each other, circular formation, quadrilles, or the long-line formation up to 16 dancers.

Hip-hop

One of the most popular styles of dancing has always been hip hop dancing, especially with the more recent generations. And with a lot of movies dedicated to the hip hop dance culture, a lot of people are now beginning to gain interest in learning how to dance it. If you want to learn more about Hip Hip dance, then continue on reading this article.

What Is Hip Hop Dance?

Hip Hop dance actually refers to a form of urban ethnic dance that is performed to different styles of hip hop music. Although Hip Hop dance has some pretty basic forms or styles, it is actually a dance style that involves a lot of improvisation or 'freestyle' dancing. This is where Hip Hop dancers are able to put their personal touch and flavor into their dance routines. Hip Hop dancers often times engage in what we call as 'battles' wherein they perform dance moves and routines against another dancer, trying to outdo each other in their dance techniques. Once a battle begins, a cipher, which is a circular space that surrounds the dancers battling, is formed. All these components actually make the core of Hip Hop dance.

History Of Hip Hop Dance

Hip Hop dance made its mark early in the 1900's when it became a part of the Hip Hop culture, more specifically when people living in the Bronx, New York, began dancing it on the streets, especially when professional Hip Hop dance crews and groups began to form and compete against one another.

Hip Hop dance got even more exposure when some of their moves, such as the 'running man' and the 'cabbage patch', invaded into the mainstream dance culture. These were all made possible by the dedication and hard work by the different breaking, locking and popping dance groups and crews that influenced Hip Hop dance as we know it today. There are actually three different Hip Hop styles of dance that a person can do, and they are breaking, locking and popping.

Breaking

The Hip Hop dance style 'breaking', it actually has four basic forms that compose its foundation in order for you to be able to perform this particular style of dance. The four basic moves are the toprock, which are foot movements done while the dancer is standing up, downrock, which are foot movements done while the dancer is down on the floor while using his hands to support his entire weight, freezes, which are poses done by the dancer on his hands, and power moves, which are basically acrobatic moves that are fairly difficult to perform.

Locking

As the name implies, locking involves locking your body during a dance routine. A dancer is able to achieve this by simply pausing for a brief moment and then moving again after. This temporary holding of position is what is called a lock, and is usually performed together with popping movements.

Popping

The last style of Hip Hop dance, popping involves a jerking motion of the body which is achieved when a dancer contracts and then relaxes his muscles instantly. These pops or hits are actually timed and synchronized together with the music, which means that each movement is done in rhythm.

Flamenco

One of the unique dances today is the Flamenco. This dance is rooted deeply in the cultures of Spain, though it is mostly centered in Andalusia, yet included in almost every social event in both European and Spanish countries today. This type of dance is closely followed by the rhythm and tempo of a guitar and the staccato clapping of the audience. Today, it is one of the most celebrated dances in the known world.

History

The Flamenco's history dates back to the Golden Age of the gypsies, though historians only found vague records in regards to where the dance actually came from. Studies show that the Flamenco is actually more into the category of music than a dance. The music, though its original composition was lost in history, are said to contain influences from Muslim and Christian cultures.

Many researchers believe that the Flamenco did not exist before 1780. Gypsies who were known to dance the Flamenco during their social gathers, mostly in secret, does not know when or where the dance came from -- only that it was passed on from generation to generation.

Music

According to research of renowned historians and dance critics, the Flamenco started off as an impromptu dance following a steady beat -- mostly staccato clapping of the audience. Later, it was modified its repertoire of movement to follow the complicated harmony produced by the "togue" (flamenco guitar), as well as the rhythmic clapping and stamping of the audience or the band. The dance was later termed as the "baile" -- a common social dance of those with Spanish decent.

Live Performance

The Flamenco dance went into the public scene later in the 1869. Due to its popularity, many have utilized its unique and appealing music and dance maneuvers to attract customers to public events and roadside cafes. Later, the dance was introduced as paid performance enjoyed by Spaniards and foreigners.

The year 1869 to 1910 is considered to be the Golden Age of Flamenco. The dance and music evolved as new inspirations and cultures were introduced into the mix. In the 19th Century, Flamenco was introduced in romantic theatrical plays that depict a woman seducing their partners into a web of romantic palette that is a favorite pastime in European countries.

Live Lessons

There is no fixed class in regards to how Flamenco is passed to the next generation. Gypsies passed the culture through watching and listening -- inviting their sons and daughters to social gatherings to educate them to the music and body interpretation that resulted in the dance.

This is one reason why the dance routine has shed its traditional form and has succumbed to the changes of modern world. Music critics shed light to the Flamenco being a dance of unlimited possibilities -- the creativity and personal interpretation of individual performers and musicians giving light to new maneuvers and techniques that shows the modern Flamenco we know today.

Waltz

People who dance ballroom is very familiar with the dance style referred to as a 'Waltz'. In most ballroom competitions, this form of dance is actually pretty popular, and is performed along with other dance styles. Unfortunately, not a lot of people know much about Waltz aside from the fact that ballroom dancers perform this style of dance. That is pretty much the extent of their knowledge about it. This article aims to give you more information about this particular dance style.

Origin

The Waltz dance style is actually derived and has evolved from two different Austrian styles of peasant dances from the 18th century, namely, the walzer and landler. During those ancient times, peasant dances were performed wherein the man and woman danced in a way that they were having close contact to one another, as compared to upper class dances, wherein the partners always kept a certain distance between them as they performed their dances.

Now that the peasant dances have evolved from what it was before, some of their basic dance moves are now replaced with different styles and methods. An example of this is the replacement of stomping and clomping with gliding, giving these modern versions of the old dances a sense of smoothness and gracefulness in their movements.

Waltz Basic Steps

There are actually a lot of different steps that you can use when dancing Waltz. You can actually use a variation of different steps. However, all these different variations and different steps can be taken from six basic steps in Waltz. These six basic steps are actually referred to as the Waltz basic box step. Master these four steps and you should be able to dance the Waltz already. Add a little bit of your own variations, direction changes and lifts, and you should be able to come up with a dance step that is more complex.

The Waltz Basic Box Step

Basically, you perform the Waltz basic box step with two complete one-two-three counts. What happens is that the person leading the dance steps first with his left foot, while the follower steps the right foot back at the same time. After that, the leader then steps to the right using his right foot, and the follower simply follows the leader and steps her left foot in the same direction. Then, they both simply close their feet together, with the leader bringing his left foot together with his right, and the follower bringing her right foot together with her left.

The leader then steps back using his right foot, and the follower simply steps forward with her left foot. After which, the leader then steps his left foot to the left, and the follower does the same with her right foot. Then they close out the steps by simply closing their feet together, wherein the leader simply brings his right foot together with his left, and the follower does the same, bringing her left foot together with her right.

Types Of Waltz

There are actually a lot of different kinds of Waltz dances. You have slow versions of the Waltz called the Slow Waltz, and you also have faster versions of it, such as the Viennese Waltz. Some styles of Waltz require that you only have closed figures while performing the routine, while others allow for more movement and variations in posture and form.

Where Can You Learn Waltz?

There are actually a lot of places wherein you can learn Waltz. Dance studios, especially those that offer ballroom lessons, would be able to provide you with some assistance with regards to this. You simply need to enroll in a class, and find a partner to dance with, and you should be on your way.

Tango

If there is one dance style that a lot of couples would like to learn, that is Tango. This dance style that originated from Montevideo, Uruguay, and more commonly, from Buenos Aires, Argentina, is a dynamic but very sensual type of ballroom dance style that exudes Spanish and African influences. Nowadays, there are a lot of different Tango dance styles, some of which are being used in ballroom competitions. However, these Tango dance styles that are being used in ballrooms are very different from Argentine Tango, as these more modern styles of Tango are easier to codify.

Tango Styles

There are a bunch of different Tango dance styles that have developed over the years, each one varying in technique and style. These differences are made even clearer as different influences, like fashions in clothing and music, differ from each and every Tango dance style. Some of the more well known Tango dance styles are Tango Argentino, which is basically one of the original Tango dance styles, Tango Oriental, Tango Liso, Tango Canyengue, Tango Orillero, Tango Salon, Tango Nuevo, Tango Milonguero, Show Tango, Finnish Tango, and Ballroom Tango. All these different Tango dance styles are danced using different types of music, such as Tango Electronico, Vals, Milonga, Alternative Tango, and simply Tango.

Ballroom Style Tango

One of the more popular styles of Tango dance is called Ballroom Tango. It is actually divided into two different styles, namely, the 'English' or 'International' Tango dance style and the 'European' Tango dance style. The English Tango dance style also evolved and created another style, which is the American Tango. Basically, English Tango more of a competitive style of dancing, while American Tango developed as a form of social dance that is more focused on the concept of leading and following skills of the dancers.

Basic Tango Steps

The most basic beginning for most Tango dance styles involves a slow-slow-quick-quick-slow counting, wherein the slow counts are held for about two beats, while the quick counts are only held for one. Performing this form of dance requires you to not drag or shuffle your feet, but rather, you need to strike the floor with your feet fairly quickly, sometimes referred to as staccato. However, you can drag or shuffle your feet during the final slow count. You should also keep your knees bent for most of the time that you are dancing Tango, however, a few exceptions can be made, depending on the routine.

Basic Tango Posture

There are basically two types of postures when dancing, which are basically either a closed dance position or an open dance position. When dancing Tango, you usually use the closed dancing position. This means that the partners are in a close hold to one another, wherein they need to maintain contact from their hips up to their ribcage. If you are still a beginner, you can actually keep a little bit of distance between you and your partner. Once you become more adept to dancing this style, then you can start dancing in the close position.

Benefits Of Tango

Research has shown that Tango, more specifically Argentine Tango, is able to help heal certain neurological diseases, one in particular is Parkinson's disease. Certain Tango movements, such as turning, moving at various speeds, dynamic balance, walking backwards and initiating movements, are all relevant in improving your balance, memory, heart health, as well as assist in losing some weight.

Square Dancing

Square dance is a classic art and dance form that was popularly paired with country and western American music. It involves vigorous dance routines in a single set that is performed by a group of four couples. Hence, each could make up one side of the square, which explains the name for this particular dance style.

When performing square dance, there is a caller nearby that calls out instructions to the dancers through the microphone to ensure cooperation amongst all dancers. Thus, the dancers on the floor has to perform whatever dance moves, spins, steps, and turns that is being called out by the instructor.

History and Evolution

This dance form has a long history that dates back to the 17th century, wherein it evolved from a different dance style known as quadrille. It also distinctively featured dance moves extracted from the Morris dance that was innovated around the same time period. As this particular dance style grew on popularity and was introduced in the US, more steps were added and some regions might even have their own variety that is distinct from the others. As it was introduced in the west, more square dancing forms were developed.

The traditional form of square dancing was most popular in the Appalachians, though. It often involves clogging and could either be done in quadrille form or not, but are combined with Scottish or Irish music. The western variety of square dance was distinct for its use of intricate footworks, which depend on the moves being called out by the caller on a microphone. Between 18th to 19th century in the US, this dance form was performed informally.

Role of Instructor or Caller

The caller plays one of the most vital roles during performance of square dance, hence each aspiring dancer need to understand what their role is. The main rule in square dancing is simple: listen to the caller!

Aside from calling out the moves to be performed by the caller on the floor, it is also the caller's responsibility to gauge the progress of a student. This will help a student's learning pace and to speed up the process of improvement with their learning. Hence, student dances are often recommended by callers for beginners to ensure that they begin at a level that they can handle.

Square Dance Lesson

When you choose to enter into a square dance lesson, it is important to equip yourself with the basic knowledge of what goes on during each session so you can come into each class well prepared. Most square dance lessons are sponsored by dance clubs that specialize in this particular dance style. As the caller instructs basic calls, the student gradually makes their way to the mainstream level. From the mainstream level, you move onto the Plus level.

The period of transition between each dance level would vary based on the intensity of the classes, number of students, and the skill level of the student. The level at which the caller is teaching could also be an important factor. It is not only beginners that enroll into a square dance lesson, experienced square dancers also attend these classes with the hope of learning new techniques and enhancing their skill level.

Enrolling into a Square Dance Lesson

If you are interested in attending a square dance session, below are some tips on finding classes to enroll into. Furthermore, you need to consider basic factors when choosing the right class for you:

' You can inquire into existing dance clubs in your area and ask if they offer classes for beginners. Obtain contact details of the individuals concerned and ask them about specifications to your class.

' Ask them about the frequency of your class. Some might be held daily or bi-weekly, so you must choose depending on your personal schedule.

' Inquire into the cost of the program, as well as the mode of payment.

' Look into possibly getting free lessons, on top of your regular sessions.

' Seek professional opinion from square dancers about the level at which you must begin with. Hence, you can adapt learning at your own natural pace and have more fun with your square dance lessons.

Modern Ballet

When people are asked about which type of ballet style they would like to learn how to dance, most of them said that they would like to learn how to dance modern ballet. However, when I asked them what modern ballet really was, most of them could not even clearly define to me what modern ballet was. If you are one of those people who want to learn more about this particular dance style, then you are in luck. This article will provide you with some information about modern ballet.

Style Of Modern Ballet

For those people who do not know much about modern ballet, it is actually a form of dance that traces its roots on influences made by both classical ballet and modern dance styles. Although it does not have a specific, well-defined 'technique' that would differentiate it from classical ballet, it does take certain techniques from classical ballet, such as the pointework, and combines it with the fewer restrictions of body movement and range of motion that modern dance styles offer.

Usually, modern ballet uses turned-in positions, as well as more innovative styles and moves. This means that the dancer is able to interpret and use ballet concepts and apply them in more modern styles.

Origin Of Modern Ballet

Modern ballet is believed to have been influenced by George Balanchine, a person considered to be the pioneer developer of the modern ballet dance style. His style of modern ballet actually uses different techniques, such as flexing hands and legs, using off-balanced positions, and the turned-in legs. His style also uses different non-classical costumes, such as tunics, unitards and leotards. Later on, Balanchine's style of ballet developed into a style that was influenced by Baryshnikov, and then developed into a more modern and contemporary style of ballet.

Similarities With Classical Ballet

As mentioned earlier, modern ballet has taken some things from classical ballet, which is why it isn't that far fetched to think that there are some certain similarities between them. One of their similarities is that both dance styles uses the French language for some of their dance terms and vocabularies. Both dance styles uses well trained dancers that are equipped in terms of technique and performance. Also, both dance styles have a very strong affinity and connection to music.

Difference With Classical Ballet

Although both dance styles are pretty similar in a couple of things, they do have certain differences that helps create a distinction between the two dance styles. One of the main distinction between the two styles is that modern ballet focuses more on the movement of the dancers instead of the storyline of the performance.

In terms of style, modern ballet does not focus too much on symmetry, as evidenced on how modern ballet performances seem to disregard the balance on the stage. Also, modern ballet dancers allow their body to twist and bend and curve as they dance, whereas classical ballet dancers try to maintain an upright posture by keeping their backs straight.

Which Is Better?

Although these two ballet dance styles are pretty different from each other, they actually both have their own good aspects and bad characteristics. It all boils down to personal preference. You just need to pick one that would work best for your style of dance.

Lindy Hop

The Lindy Hop is said to be the grandfather of modern swing. This dance is a popular routine back in the 1920s, along the time when jazz music is the latest craze. Being a member of the Swing family, we can safely say that Lindy Hop originated as one of the branches of African American dance culture.

History

The history of Lindy Hop can be broken down into three stages -- the peak of the Swing era from 1920 to 1940, its evolution in 1950, and its revival in the 1980s.

This dance routine is said to originate from the black community in Harlem, New Work back in the 1920s. In-depth study of this style has broken down its routines into a combination of Charleston, breakaway, hop, and Texas Tommy. Around the 1930's, Lindy Hop is at the peak of its popularity.

This dance routine is quite popular in the many bars and dancing studios in various cities in the United States. However, it later stagnated when dancing was strongly disapproved due to the heavy tax sanction against bars and dancing halls.

Lindy Hop Today

Today, Lindy Hop is one of the few social dances performed in local regions. It did not reach the stage like other dances that evolved and accepted in various circles in modern society. This dance routine is performed mostly in private and public social events, dance competitions, and other dance performances. The maneuver can be done solo or with a partner.

Techniques

Considering that Lindy Hop is part of the Swing family, many of its moves can be found in other dance styles popular today. This dance routine is defined as an athletic partner dance. As opposed to universal norm in partner dance where partners are supposed to stay upright and mostly connect through their hands, the Lindy Hop starts off with an athletic stance with emphasis on lower body movement or footwork.

Lindy Hop has 2 actual styles, though performers may integrate their own unique moves to give it a more unique style -- these are the Savory and G.I. style.

The Savory-styled Lindy Hop places an emphasis on upper body movement -- usually involving horizontal sways and jerks that define it as an active version of the dance routine. The second, the G.I. Lindy Hop, places its emphasis on upright body position with active lower body movement.

Footwork of this dance routine borrows some of the more commonplace techniques found in Charleston and Tap dancing. The steps use 6 and 8 counts for the rhythm and put an emphasis on the leader and weight changes during the routine. The music of the Lindy Hop is lively. Since this is an active dance where solo and partnered performers may integrate active movements to their routine, many of these dances are usually performed with an accompaniment of Jazz or hip-hop music in the background.

Jazz Dancing

Jazz is not just music, but is also a dance routine. Its popularity stems in many places -- television shows, live performance, movies, and even in commercials. In truth, there is no fixed style in jazz dancing. The moves are based on the person's interpretation of the music. It is mostly punctuated with highly energetic moves, swings, and leaps that can easily catch and enthrall the audience in rapt attention -- moves similar to that of a ballet dancer but with more energetic movements.

History Of Jazz Dancing

Jazz dancing started its roots in 1950 that stems off from the popular jazz music during that time. The dance form has taken its roots from the African American vernacular dance when captive African slaves entered the country in the 18th and 19th century.

The early jazz dance maneuvers are clearly that of tap dancing. Where performers set their tap sets in line with jazz music. The traditional dance steps of jazz evolved to adapt to different dance styles in the 1950's, namely Boogie, Swing, Jitterbug, Cakewalk, Lindy Hop, and other popular dances in the mid 19th century.

Modern jazz dance evolved nearing the 20th century when performers has taken their art to the theatrical industry. The traditional dance evolved to include Broadway plays and was later introduced as modern jazz, which was also integrated to dancing competitions and musicals.

The Shoes

Modern jazz dance requires the right footwear to execute complicated footwork with ease. Considering that the dance involves a lot of swings, leaps, and pirouettes common in Ballet routines; the shoes have to be light and sturdy. Jazz shoes are often made from high-quality leather with flat soles for smooth turns and leaps. The soles are also made flat without any protrusions to incorporate the sliding maneuver that many jazz dancers tend to perform on stage. You can imagine this as a leather made ballet shoes if you like.

The Technique

Jazz dance is a blend of different dancing styles, namely ballet. Footwork is essential and requires great leg and foot strength in order to pull it off. If you observe a performer of the art, you will see their moves influenced by the grace and beauty of known styles, like ballet, hip-hop, acro, and contemporary dance moves.

Curriculum of jazz dance classes starts off with basic moves in ballet -- namely the improvement of body control and balance. Performers are urged and trained to find their center of gravity in order to execute complicated maneuvers and turns without falling. Another technique common for this dance style is the "spotting". This allows the dancer to execute pirouettes and turns while maintaining their balance.

There are no fixed steps in a jazz dance. Performers are urged to utilize their creative and personal interpretation of the music to their forms. However, jazz dance choreographers always put their charges to undergo an intensive training to improve their overall leg power and balance to flawlessly execute their unique maneuvers.

Disco

Although nowadays, disco is not that popular anymore, it is still considered by a lot of people as one of the more influential genres of music and dance style in its time. A lot of our genres of music and dancing styles that we have today seem to take some parts or aspects from Disco back in its time. A lot of modern day sounds and movements bear influences from Disco.

What Is Disco?

Disco is actually a dance music genre that became fairly popular during the mid to late 70's. This was actually a reaction directed against the domination of rock in the mainstream music scene, as well as the dance music's demonetization during that time. Disco was originally popular amongst the black gay community, but was introduced into the mainstream music culture as it was picked up by New York City's white gay clubs. Even women and Latino's were hitched to Disco later on.

Disco Sounds

Disco is actually influenced by a lot of different music, which would originally include soul and funk music. Usually, music that has a 'four-on-the-floor' steady beat with an eighth note or sixteenth note pattern with soaring vocals, electric bass lines that are syncopated but prominent, and an off-beat open hi-hat, are the music that are associated with Disco. You might even notice that certain disco tracks have other instruments in the background as well, such as strings, electronic pianos, horns and electric guitars, to add a few more lush sounds to the music. These make the music very easy to dance to.

Disco Dancing Basics

When dancing Disco, there are actually no real rules, however, there are certain basic disco dance moves that you can do, especially if you do not exactly know how to dance Disco. The most basic form of Disco dancing is simply performing a simple pattern of moving from side to side, usually, a pattern of moving from left to right to left again. You simply move from side to side in a rhythmic pattern. Just make sure that you follow the beat of the music, or you would look a bit silly. Step to the right, then bring your feet together, then step to the left, then bring your feet together again. This is practically the most basic steps that you can make when dancing Disco.

Advance Disco Dancing

Once you have the most basic Disco dancing pattern, you can now proceed to dancing more complicated dance moves. Aside from simply moving from side to side, you can also add certain moves to make your dance pattern a bit more flavorful. You can add a little bit of spin to the end of your dance pattern. Simply pick a side where you want to spin to, plant your lead foot on the floor, raise your heel, and simply turn your body. Lifting your heel ensures that you spin on the ball of your foot.

Aside from that, you could also add a couple of hand gestures and hand movements along with your dance pattern. Just make sure that you do it along with the beat in order to avoid looking foolish.

What You Should Wear

No matter how fun Disco dancing is, you still need to be able to dance comfortably, which is why you need to make sure that you wear the right type of clothing for dancing Disco. Simply choose a pair of shoes that you can dance in, and clothes that you can move in. If you wear something that will restrict your movement, then you won't be able to dance properly.

Dancesport

Ballroom dancing has evolved to something more than just a social dance performance. Today, people train in various ballroom dancing techniques to join dancesport competitions as social events, sports activity, or even in the Olympics.

Social Dancing Or Competition?

Many classify dancesport as a type of social dancing, though this is mostly a misconception since dancers all flock to the dance floor and show off their techniques. In truth, this type of dance is classified as a sport activity that is mostly described as a competition to display assorted ballroom dancing techniques and maneuvers in front of the judges and live audience.

If you observe closely, dancesport competition follows a set of rules. Music denotes what type of ballroom dancing you are going to perform on the floor. However, dancers are free to come up with their own unique maneuvers to impress the judges and win the prize.

International Competition

The World Dance Council was once called International Council of Ballroom Dancing (ICBD) that regulates dancesport competition around the globe. The council was formed in 1950 in Edinburgh with affiliate sponsors including Ballroom Dancers Federation that helps regulate these competitions in various sectors in an international level.

The very first dancesport competition was held in 1909, the first team of ballroom dancing competition in 1932, and became a live TV broadcast in 1960.

Due to the insistence of the International DanceSport Federation (IDSF), the International Olympic Committee recognized dancesport as a sports activity in 1997 and included in their roll of sports competition though not all Olympic games have this in their main event.

In most cases, we can safely say that this ballroom dancing competition requires a sponsor before it can be included in Olympic Games with the inclusion of a vote among its council.

However, there have been many critics in the inclusion of dancesport as an Olympic event. Judging is often done through appeal and how dancers impress judges. Scoring in these competitions is considered to be dubious as well -- opening to the possibility of disguising fraudulent judgment with anonymous decisions with no definite criteria and scores.

Despite the subjective ruling of dancesport competitions, the ballroom dancing arena is still a much celebrated event in various countries around the globe.

Different Styles

Dancesport is not limited to specific ballroom dancing styles known today. Considering that it is dubbed as an International competition, various styles are known to be incorporate into dance routines that include standard ballroom, Latin American dance steps, Ten Dance, and diverse Rock and Roll maneuvers.

Today, this competitive dancing is introduced by various social groups to promote ballroom dancing to a whole new level. Television shows are known to use competitive dancing as a means to find new talents in the industry. Dancesport has also been introduced in social events, like college proms and athletic competitions.

Also, health groups reported that active maneuvers of ballroom dancing have a positive role in our body's health. Today, dancesport is being introduced as an alternative solution to main proper body function and weight loss.

Dance Choreographer

A dance choreographer can be easily described as a dance instructor. They don't normally follow the set of rules that is commonly found in fixed dance routines, like ballroom dancing, but follows their own experience to come up with unique dance notations that is quite common in dancing competitions where originality is a criteria.

Choreography

A dance choreographer bases its teachings in the art of choreography. It is considered as an art due to the various innovations that is mostly limited to the creativity of an individual.

By definition, choreography is the process of designing various form and movements of the human body -- much like a person teaching you new body motions through their own unique experience. Dance choreography has a more specific scope -- integrating new and unique dancing techniques and maneuvers through the inclusion of set dancing styles today.

For example, a dance choreographer can incorporate various dancing styles for a cheerleading competition -- like ballroom, Rock and Roll, and the likes to come up with a new dance maneuver.

Dance Routines

A dance choreographer teaching new dancing moves that involves various body movements -- not necessarily dependent on fixed dance moves today. In most cases, dance routines taught by a choreographer includes events, like cheerleading, gymnastics, cinematography, fashion shows, marching bands, ice skating, stage shows, and even in competitive dancing, like dancesports.

The technique of coming up with new dance moves is termed as dance composition. This includes 2 fundament techniques, namely improvisation and planned choreography.

The fundamentals of improvisation can be easily defined as "impromptu" dance lessons. No specific steps are followed and choreographers base body movements depending on the type of music used for the dance.

In most cases, improvisation is mostly determined by the personal interpretation of the instructor or the dancers itself. Planned choreography is purely the work of the choreographer. Movements and scores are all directed by the instructors without any need for personal interpretation from dancers.

Passion In The Art

The success of dance choreographers in coming up with highly unique and quality dance routines is devoted to their passion in the art of dancing. If you ask dance instructors in how they come up with unique body interpretation to music, they will just smile and tell you that it's more on creativity than actual learning of fixed dance styles.

In some ways, we can say that this statement is true. Passion makes up 90% of their creativity and only 10% comes from their knowledge on fixed dance routines.

Another requirement of a dance choreographer is the need to go beyond the boundaries of dancing and into the realm of art. This is one reason why they are all unique -- coming up with their own dance routines with only a moment of thought. If you find a dance competition with only a single music as its theme, you will see that each choreographer will have their own interpretation.

Classical Ballet

Considered by many as one of the most formal styles of ballet, classical ballet uses certain techniques and features that is unique to this form of dance style alone. People who wants to learn this type of dance usually start at an early age, mainly because younger people are more flexible, hence, are easier to train for this type of dance style. They can easily adapt to the physical demands of the dance, and are more capable of pushing their bodies to be able to perform the techniques and dance routines they need to do. Aside from that, ballet also involves a certain kind of mystique about it, making it appear magical to most people.

History

Ballet actually made its mark back in the 18th century, and has been given the prestige as the operas during that time. Jean-Georges Noverre's seminal work actually allowed ballet dancers to partake in plays as they were used to assist in the narration of the story by expressing character. Back then, the ballet dancers were made to wear corsets, wigs, hoops and high heels. Later on, ballet then got featured as interludes in operas.

It wasn't until the 19th century that ballet really experienced a great social change, as it was during this period that new techniques in ballet were introduced, such as the pointework, thereby propelling the ballet dancer into a symbol for a stage figure. This was also the time that ballet shoes or slippers were invented. Later on, they developed this persona as being delicate unearthly creatures that had the ability to simply glide or float on stage.

Classical Ballet Style

Classical ballet is known for putting a lot of emphasis on execution and method of how the dancer moves. They can appear as if they are defying the laws of gravity wherein they create a perception that they are flying on stage as they dance. They may even give the illusion that they are hovering.

Female Ballet Dancer Outfit

When training or dancing classical ballet, women are supposed to wear a typical ballet outfit, which basically comprises of a flesh, pink or blue colored tights and a leotard of any color and style. A wrap-skirt is not necessary, but students can still opt to wear it if they like. They wear flats, which are sometimes referred to as soft technique shoes, and are pink or beige in color. They may also wear pointe shoes, but only after receiving a certain level of training.

Male Ballet Dancer Outfit

Men, on the other hand, basically wear the same thing in the sense that they wear tights and a leotard or a form-fitting shirt. They also wear flats, or soft technique shoes, which are black or white in color.

Ballet Training

In classical ballet, there are over seven different training styles that classical ballet dancers could go through, the most common of the training styles being the Vaganova method, Royal Ballet School method, Balanchine Method, Cecchetti method, and the Royal Academy of Dance method.

When ballet dancers train, they are required to acquire a certain level of skill and strength, and these factors will later on dictate what level of ballet he or she would be able to do. For example, ballet schools do not actually allow their ballet dancers to wear pointe shoes, not until they reach a certain age, and if they are able to meet the skill and strength requirement that they need for their age and body type.

Wearing of pointe shoes at such an early age before the dancer is actually ready, both skill-wise and strength-wise, then the dancer might experience some form of injury or damage to her feet later on. This is why ballet dancers go through a rigorous training regimen, especially since strength and skill is needed to be able to dance this particular style.

Cheer Dancing

Cheer dance is the most common routine performed during sports events or competitions to deliver entertainment to the audience. However, practicing the basic cheer dance routines and performing them in perfect synchronization requires a great level of hard work and detail that utilizes both skill and determination.

To learn exactly how each routine is choreographed and how each step contribute to an entertaining whole, read about each aspect of the routine below.

Pre-Routine Preparations

When performing cheer dance for a competition, you need to focus on the criteria that the judges are looking for, as well as getting the audience involved. Some of the most basic technical areas to consider include techniques, dance moves, skill level, consistency, synchronization, and creativity.

However, a cheer dance routine consists more than just the dancing elements since it also combines cheer or chants, tumbling, stunts, and pyramids. It is therefore important to properly plan each routine, practice them thoroughly, and have self-discipline to ensure that each aspect of the routine are executed precisely.

Beginning

At the start, the energy level of the members are still high so you can expect a lot of high energy movements and dance routines. This is where you'd often witness a lot of basic stunts and tumbling. If you are coming up with a cheerdancing routine, this is where you need to choreograph the tumbling elements. You must also assign your best stunt performers and tumblers in the front for a clean execution. And since this is just the introduction to the entire routine, high intensity performance right off the bat is also a great way to capture the audience's attention.

Middle

Once you have grabbed the audience's attention, it is now time to move into the 'gist' of your performance ' the cheers and dance. If you can, minimize or totally avoid doing stunts here, or else it will become overkill. You need to showcase variety into your cheer dance routine and here is when you can do that. You can even use the beginning part of the routine as a transitionary period so you can get the dancers into their dancing positions. Avoid dancing as a full squad, instead you can divide them into small pockets for more coordination and to make the entire routine aesthetically pleasing.

End

Just as important as the start is how you end your routine. Hence, you must aim to make an impression on the judges and the audience. From performing in small pockets, you can let your squad performance as full team to make it visually impressive. However, settle for crisp yet manageable dance routines that creates an impact. You can also incorporate easy pyramid formation for the last time here.

Tips For More Coordination

In most cases, cheer dance routines are well planned and the dance moves or stunts are well choreographed but it could still turn disastrous if not executed properly. Hence, you must not aim solely for a creative routine, but a polished one. Use proper counting system for sharp movements and synchronization.

Take note of even the tiniest details as foot positioning, jumps, kicks, arm extensions, angles, and the like, to create more impression. And finally, time your routines properly and limit each dance move or stunt to no more than two minutes at one time for smooth transition.

But the most important tip to remember when performing cheer dance routines is to learn to have fun. Never forget to smile and always perform with confidence!

Ceremonial Dances

Most people view dancing as a sacred act, especially among those cultures that perform ceremonial dances with religious and cultural importance. Indeed, they are still practiced even during today's modern times to enrich one's culture and history.

Dance and Religion

A religious taboo continues to exist when it comes to incorporating dancing as part of religious activity. Some people think that dancing is not enough to renew energy in both mind and body through dancing, while others believe it to be quite a powerful spiritual experience.

There are several manifestations of religious activities through dancing. One of the most common ways of incorporating religion through dance forms is via rituals. The act of dancing is believed to help a performer enter a trance state that will open up their spiritual path to an empowering religious experience and communicate with the divine being. Other dances also incorporate spells or prayers.

Native American Dancing

The Native Americans had quite an interesting perspective on dancing. They perform dances for varius reasons and believed that the beat of the drum served as the spirit that guides them spiritually. Hence, Native Americans performed what was to be later on considered as ceremonial dancing since they danced for joy, rain, grief, in preparation for war, and for worship. It is for this same reason such that dancing was embedded not just in their individual identities, but has become part of tribal history. Ceremonial dances played a huge role in the Native American heritage and culture.

But still, there remained to be a few others who performed dancing because of the music and for the enrichment of this art form.

Kerala Festival Dancing

Kerala is a Southwestern Indian city known for its local festivals and celebrations. During these cultural and religious festivities, ceremonial dances are an integral part of the celebration and has earned its social importance throughout the years. Here are some of the Kerala festivals that involve various types of ceremonial dances:

' Onam: This is a popular festival in Kerala that is observed with much gaiety and fervor, typically held between August and September. There are a lot of dancing involved that represent religious harmony amongst various families. There is also a ritual attached to the ceremonial dances that require the performers to wear new clothes, or paint themselves with bright yellow, red, and black colors. Meanwhile, the music is produced through cultural instruments thakil and udukku.

' Mahasivarathri: This is an annual festival observed by the Hindus that involve lots of ceremonial dances as a way to commemorate the death of Lord Shiva in an effort to save the world of destruction.

' Vishu: This festival is held during the month of April, which is the New Year according to calendar of Malayalam. Like the above festivals, there are ceremonial dancing involved mainly to thank for the abundant supply of fruits, flowers, cereals, and coconuts, while also wishing for good luck in the coming year.

Asian Ceremonial Dancing

There is a distinct correlation between drama, music, dance, and culture in majority of Asia. Hence, costumes and particular dance movements hold a sacred cultural importance, often depicting historical events, legends, mythology, and deep ceremonial activities and worship. Each performance of ceremonial dance could last for several hours, depending on the event being portrayed or the particular cultural event being commemorated.

Breakdancing

Breakdancing started in the streets of Bronx back in the 1970's. It was first classified as a type of street dancing involving remixed music with highly-advanced and sophisticated maneuvers. Today, breakdancing is a popular modern dance routine performed around the world -- either as a friendly competition between "crews" out in the streets or parks, dance events between groups, and of course, international competition sponsored by big names in the industry.

History

If you study dancing history then you will see that breakdancing is nowhere to be found in the records. The trend started in the streets of New York -- a way for kids and teenagers to show off their "cool moves" with the inclusion of music. It was observed that this form of modern dance is a combination of athletic moves and dance maneuvers -- with emphasis on extreme "power moves" with "freezes" during breaks in the music. The trend started with the Latinos and Black youths in Bronx, but was later performed by the general populace and eventually in the international level.

Naming

Breakdancers don't like to be called as such. They have their own terms to define who they are in this modern dance routine. Notable performers often term themselves as "b-boy" or "b-girl" and the dance itself is named as "breaking"

Break And Dance

Breakdancing got its name from the "breaks" in the music where performers put a halt on their extreme dance moves to show off. In most cases, the musics are remixed to fit in these breaks to allow more emphasis on the maneuvers. There are 5 moves incorporated into this modern dance routine, namely:

1. Toprock - steps performed while standing;

2. Downrock - emphasis of feet and body movements on the floor. This is often termed as footwork or floorwork;

3. Power Moves - these are termed as acrobatic maneuvers that require physical strength, balance, and stamina. Initial movement includes circular maneuvers for the body to gain momentum to execute power moves;

4. Freezes - the performer stays in a pose, usually after executing power moves, during the break in the music;

5. Suicides - this is an extreme maneuver that usually denotes the end of a routine.

Requirement

If you break down the fundamentals of "breaking", one will observe that the emphasis is more into the person's physical strength and balance. The moves can be quite tricky and require complete control of the body or ends up in very painful consequences brought about by lack of timing and experience.

In most cases, professional breakers who teach breakdancing often start their lessons in improving a performer's physical strength and balance. Each maneuver is executed individually until they learn to grasp complete control of their body and proceed to more complicated techniques.

There has been a major debate saying that breakdancing is more into power than style. However, breakers classify themselves into these two fundamentals -- one incorporating the use of power to amplify and support their moves, while one group focus more into mastering unique "power moves" to their dancing.

Belly Dancing

Belly dancing is one of the most popular dance forms today, particularly with women. One reason for that is that many believe belly dance can help tone your abdominal muscles, enabling one to achieve the right shape of abs and body contour. Regardless of your reason for performing belly dance, it is important to ease your way into mastering this particular dance art to ensure that you can enjoy each performance.

Basic Preparations

In an effort to study belly dance and its many variations throughout the years, many enter belly dancing schools. Enrolling yourself in a program is surely an effective way to quickly learn the basics of this dance form, especially with the help of professional guidance. But you must also take personal measures to ensure that you learn quickly and effectively.

The most basic tip that each novice must learn is that you must remove any sources of distractions. Although belly dancing might appear simple, it is actually one of the more complex dance forms that are defined by intricacy. Hence, you need to fully commit yourself into learning this dance form and each day in the program you will be taught new dancing principles that you can apply into your learning.

You must also set aside enough time for practicing daily, such as 1 hour of session per day, to get yourself accustomed to each dancing principle. Then, you can review what you learned and drill yourself with these new moves until they become familiar.

Obtain Belly Dancing Study Guides

The most basic study aid for learning how to belly dance is a suitable music. If you plan on practicing from home, you can seek the opinion of an expert belly dancer on where you can buy music that you can use for your practice. Or, you can also purchase a belly dancing instructional video, which is more convenient since you can view demonstrations of dance moves and follow based on the instruction given by the expert.

It is not enough to rely on video instructions and choosing the right music though, you must also look into developing your own fitness routine. Attaining enough flexibility in your body will give you an advantage when belly dancing. Focus the workout on your hip circle, or your rib cage area since this is where you will need the most amount of flexibility from.

Regular Practice

This should be an obvious bit of tip for newcomers to belly dancing. Do not be content with instructions in your dancing class or those you get from video instructions. You must set aside a time each day wherein you can practice whatever new moves you have learned and slowly gain mastery. Ideally, you should set aside at least an hour each day. But if you are busy, one or two days per week should suffice.

Wear Appropriate Clothing

Unlike other dance forms, belly dancing actually requires performers to use appropriate attire to allow freedom of movement around the hips and lower body. Instinctively, wearing jeans and loose shirts is not allowed. You need to provide a full range of motion on your belly, hips, and legs.

The broomstick skirt is the most ideal clothing for belly dancing with the top edge preferably pulled down to your hips instead of waist. This will then bring focus to what your hips are doing such that you can execute each move properly.

Warm Up and Cool Down

Belly dancing might not be as intensive as other types of dances, but it is important to perform warm up and cool down before and after each dancing session, respectively. In the warm up process, it gets your body in the mood for dancing, which is crucial with belly dance since it requires grace in your movement and coordination throughout your entire body. Meanwhile, cooling down to ease your body back to its state of inactivity and avoid injuries, particularly to your lower back. Gentle stretching should be enough to cool you down.

Capoeira

What is Capoeira?

Capoeira is an art form with an Afro-Brazilian origin. It is categorized as a dance form but is quite unique in its merging of various elements from music, dance, and martial arts. Historians and dance enthusiasts believe it first came about around 16th century when the African concept of slavery was introduced in Brazil. It wasn't long until its influences became felt across Afro-Brazilian generations, particularly in various Brazilian regions like Rio de Janeiro, Pernambuco, and Bahia.

Performs of capoeira form a circle wherein each performer take turns in either ritually sparring, playing an instrument, or singing. Each sparring comes with fluid transition of sweep, kicks, acrobatic play, feints, and headbutts. Other techniques that are not used as often as the ones mentioned above, but are also allowed, include slaps, body throws, elbow strikes, or punches.

Various Interpretations

Due to the unique style of dancing involved with capoeira, there has been several interpretations to arise from this dance form. Many believed it was designed for rebellion that used dance as a disguise. However, proponents to this dance form insist that it merely follows a combative art form and incorporates dance elements that reference to historical events and ideas.

In fact, capoeira is not alone as a dance form that signify combative traditions. There are several other similar styles of dance that include the same approach and elements such as Martinique's danyme and Cuba's mani, to name a few. These dance styles are characterized by dance moves in mock-combat form and are often performed with music.

Development as a Sport

Due to the above interpretations that pointed to Capoeira as a dance that resembled the idea of rebellion, it was temporarily banned in Brazil and anyone caught performing this dance was punished by law. However, that did not stop this particular dancing style from evolving until the public has learned to accept it, not just as a style of dance but as a sport, as well. The ban was officially lifted in the 1930s due to a successful defense posed by Reis Machado that was able to convinced the authority of Capoeira's cultural value.

Today, there are even various dancing schools aimed specifically at teaching capoeira to willing students. From the traditional Angola styles, several variations were introduced into this dancing technique until it was categorized as a sport. There are several known personalities, including UFC Middleweight champion Anderson Silva, who are a regular practitioner of Capoeira.

Music in Capoeira

Like most dance forms, music plays an integral role in the performance of capoeira. The music played for this one is suited for the style and tempo of the movements. The music is usually composed specifically for this dance using various instruments. However, the music could widely vary from very slow to fast tempo. Aside from music, some capoeiras are combined with a song that tells of a rich story that helps to inspire performs to do better with their dancing. Dancers change their pace of movements depending on the music that is being played, which supports the idea that music is what drives this dance form.

Three Types of Music Used

Below are three types of music that you can use along with your performance of capoeira:

' Ladainha: This type of music is typically sung at the start of the roda and is performed by the master. It can either be two types of songs: a popular song, or improvised by the master on the spot.

' Chula: This often follows Ladainha, which follows a call-and-response pattern. The aim with using this particular type of music in performing capoeira is basically to thank a divine being and teacher.

' Corridos: Finally, this type of music is used while a game is being played. But this capoeira music still follows the call-and-response pattern, but the response change according to the song that is being played.

African American Dance

Almost all traditional dances today have taken its root in the African American dance back in the early 17th and 18th century. If you look at it closely, we can safely say that most of the techniques and dance maneuvers of known styles have its root in the vernacular dance routines practiced by Africans during their migration to the American continent.

Rags To Riches - A History

The history of the African American "vernacular" dance is deeply rooted in Virginia, Maryland. African slaves who were brought to America have most likely introduced a diverse culture of music and dance without any fixed form. In order to retain their nativity as Africans, many of these groups have succumbed to perform their own set of dance routines without putting any emphasis on fixed styles, yet bordering mostly on improvisation and creativity.

Leading music and dance expert all agree that the African American dance routines are mostly improvised choreography. The diverse culture that captive Africans are exposed to during their sojourn in America, as well as in Spanish and European countries made it possible for them to adapt to other dance forms and uniquely coming up with their own.

Dance Of A Strong Body

It was observed that the dance routines of African American decent are those that require strong and flexible bodies -- which are accounted to the time they worked as slaves in America, Spain, and Europe. The strong foundation of their body has made it possible for African dancers to produce more complicated feats that their hierarchs often find impossible. Emphasis of this dance on the body involves from the waste up -- including bending and strong upper body movements with support of the lower.

Dance Genres

The African American vernacular dance has included different dancing styles depending on the current gusto and trend of the local culture. African American artists utilize other dance styles with their own unique creative concepts to form new and more appealing maneuvers that are a norm in today's dancing community.

Known dance genres that is influenced by African American artists includes tap dancing, cakewalk, swing, Hustle, funk and disco, and of course, the famous moonwalk performed by Michael Jackson that is considered to be an innovation of modern Hip Hop dances today.

Inclusive In Dance Competitions

The unique quality of African American dance has made it a highlight in many dance competitions today. Modern dance choreographers have utilized traditional styles with emphasis on African American dance routines to create unique and active maneuvers that is common in today's competitive dance floor.

Learning To Dance

There is no fixed style you have to learn if you want to try out African American dancing. It is classified as dance lessons, but more into the personal interpretation of the dancer to the music. In most cases, evolution of this modern dance is made visible through the incorporation of creative concepts and persona of performers -- not only training their mind and body to come up with unique dance routines, but also achieve the necessary aesthetics to pull it off.